Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD or PsCV)

Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease is caused by abird must be retested in 90 days for PsCV-1 and 180
virus (Psittacine Circovirus) and in many ways is thedays for PsCV-2. If the bird is still positive then, this
avian equivalent of the human AIDS virus. Birdsindicates that the bird is either subclinically infected or
suffering from this disease can show abnormalthat the bird is being repeatedly exposed to the
feather growth (known as feather dystrophy) andvirus. Subclinically infected birds can develop feather
have necrosis of the beak - hence the name. Thelesions at some future date. If the bird is negative
virus is capable of suppressing the bird's immunewhen retested, this indicates that the bird was
system to the point that they become debilitatedtransiently infected and that the bird's immune
and susceptible to secondary infections thatsystem was able to clear the virus from the blood.
ultimately kill the bird. This is truly a devastatingBirds with normal feathers that have cleared an
disease and is highly contagious.infection should be considered resistant to
Many birds infected with PsCV develop a transientsubsequent infection and disease. Most birds that are
infection that the bird's immune response effectivelyexposed to the PsCV will have viral nucleic acid
clears. In birds that do not mount an effectivepresent in their blood for a brief period.
immune response, disease can be sudden andIf a bird with feather abnormalities is found to be
devastating or more chronic and insidious. Old Worldpositive for PsCV 1, PsCV 2 or any variant of
parrots that become infected usually die, althoughcircovirus, the bird should be removed from the area
some New World parrots that become infected willas quickly as possible. Virus-infected birds with
eventually recover. Infected Lories are usually lessfeather abnormalities shed large concentrations of
severely affected and can have feathervirus in their feather dust which can be easily carried
abnormalities, but recover.to other birds by the wind or on clothes, skin or hair.
It is recommended by us that all birds be tested forAll areas, supplies, and equipment that could be
PsCV. There are two types of Psittacine Circovirus,contaminated with feather dust should be repeatedly
PsCV 1 and PsCV 2. A bird infected with PsCV 2 hascleaned and disinfected.
a greater chance of recovery compared to thoseBirds that are recovering from PsCV will test
infected with PsCV 1. It should be noted that somenegative for months before all of the affected
PsCV infected psittacines of South American descentfeathers (the cells of which will retain PsCV until
have spontaneously recovered from the disease.molted) are replaced during the molting process with
A positive test in a bird with no feather abnormalitiesnew uninfected feathers. As long as dystrophic
indicates that the bird has been exposed to PsCVfeathers or their associated dust is present, the bird
and that viral nucleic acid is present in the blood. Thisshould be considered infectious.