| http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; | | | | the economy, this type of unemployment results |
| charset=utf-8"> | | | | from changes in the economic structure of an |
| Definition of unemployment: | | | | economy making a mismatch between the job and |
| Unemployment refers to the number of people who | | | | the job seekers a good example is the advancement |
| are jobless in an economy; unemployment is | | | | in technology lendering current workers to be |
| measured in terms of unemployment rate which is | | | | unemployed because they lack necessary skills for |
| derived from the number of people who are | | | | the job. The introduction of modern technology such |
| unemployed divided by the total labor force. | | | | as computers will result to unemployment of old |
| Unemployment has been a concern to governments | | | | employees who may be computer illiterate. |
| as they apply policies that aid in reducing | | | | Disguised unemployment: |
| unemployment. | | | | Thios is another type of unemployment whereby it |
| Unemployment means a condition in which an | | | | can be termed as under unemployment, it involves |
| economy has idle resources that are not being | | | | employment that does not the equilibrium wage rate, |
| utilized, labor is a factor of production and if a | | | | example a person who spends the whole day herding |
| country does not utilize this labor to the fullest then | | | | only one sheep yet he can manage to take care of a |
| we have unemployment of labor which is a factor of | | | | hundred goats, this is termed as disguised |
| production. | | | | unemployment. |
| Unemployment however can be termed as a state in | | | | Causes of unemployment: |
| which an individual is looking for a job but not getting | | | | Cyclical unemployment: |
| one, however unemployment does not include | | | | Cyclical unemployment is caused by business cycles |
| students, retired people or even children. There are | | | | which result from reduced aggregate demand; the |
| three types of unemployment namely cyclical | | | | reduction in aggregate demand will discourage |
| unemployment, frictional and structural | | | | investment leading to unemployment. |
| unemployment, there are two types of frictional | | | | Frictional unemployment: |
| unemployment and this include seasonal | | | | This type of unemployment is caused by people who |
| unemployment and wait unemployment. | | | | are in between jobs or are looking for better jobs. |
| Measurement of unemployment: | | | | Seasonal unemployment is caused by changes in |
| Types of unemployment: | | | | seasons while wait unemployment is caused by the |
| Cyclical unemployment: | | | | few available high paying jobs. |
| This type of unemployment exist where we have | | | | Structural unemployment: |
| inadequate aggregate demand, its name is derived | | | | This typoe of unemployment is caused by changes in |
| for varying business cycles, business cycles refers to | | | | the structural forms of an economy where by the |
| varying of aggregate demand which when aggregate | | | | current employees will lack the necessary skills for |
| demand falls this discourages investments leading to | | | | job resulting to unemployment. |
| unemployment, this business cycles are brought | | | | Disguised unemployment: |
| about by high tax levels, under consumption, low | | | | This type of unemployment is caused by |
| government spending and a decline in exports. | | | | underemployment whereby the person is employed |
| Therefore this type of unemployment will result due | | | | but under employed, it is caused by lack of resources |
| to low aggregate demand which will cause a decline in | | | | to produce and poverty. |
| investment leading to lower employment levels. | | | | Cost of unemployment: |
| Frictional unemployment: | | | | Measures to reduce unemployment: |
| This type of unemployment results from people who | | | | Cyclical unemployment: |
| are between jobs or temporarily looking for new | | | | According to the Keynesian theory this type of |
| ones, this type of unemployment is usually seen as | | | | unemployment can be solved through stimulation of |
| voluntary unemployment because people search for | | | | aggregade demand whereby this can be done |
| new jobs, however this type of unemployment | | | | through increased government spending or an |
| allows workers to get the best jobs that meet their | | | | expansionary monetary policy. |
| wants and skills. | | | | Frictional unemployment: |
| There are two types of frictional unemployment and | | | | This type of unemployment cannot be solved |
| they include the wait unemployment and seasonal | | | | through stimulation of aggregate demand as in the |
| unemployment: | | | | case of cyclical unemployment, this type of |
| Wait unemployment: | | | | unemployment can be solved through the provision |
| This is one type of frictional unemployment whereby | | | | of more and better information to employers and the |
| workers will wait to achieve the few high paying jobs | | | | employees about a particular job. |
| in an economy, this results to what is termed as wait | | | | Structural unemployment: |
| unemployment. | | | | This type of unemployment results from the |
| Seasonal unemployment: | | | | structural changes in the economy, this type of |
| This type of frictional unemployment is as a result of | | | | unemployment therefore can be resolved through |
| seasonal occupations that results from seasons, | | | | the retraining of workers for their present jobs. |
| some enterprises provide jobs only during certain | | | | Disguised unemployment: |
| seasons and when the season is over they cause | | | | This type of unemployment can be reduced through |
| unemployment which is termed as seasonal | | | | government and monetary policies, because it results |
| unemployment. | | | | from poverty strategy that help erradicte poverty |
| Structural unemployment | | | | will play a major role in reducing this type of |
| Structural Unemployment results from the changes in | | | | unemployment. |