Ayurvedic Management of HIV/AIDS

-- End Ad Box --->Antiretroviral medicines are the mainstay in the
At present, there is no scientifically proved cure formodern treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, a plethora
HIV /AIDS. Globally, the number of infected HIVof side-effects, development of resistance to drugs
AIDS patients is increasing at an alarming rate; with aand escalating treatment costs are serious concerns.
current estimate of 33.2 million people who are livingIn the absence of a definite cure for HIV/AIDS,
with HIV 1. Hence, there is a dire need to search forAyurvedic medicines may provide a useful alternative
a safe, effective and economical treatment for HIVfor long-term management of patients, since these
AIDS.medicines are economical and devoid of serious
In a retrospective study in 55 patients, Ayurvedicside-effects. However, scientific research is
treatment has proved to be very promising in thenecessary to determine efficacy of these medicines.
management of HIV/AIDS. Fifty-Five adult patientsThis retrospective study is one such effort to assess
were given Ayurvedic treatment for HIV/AIDS,long-term therapeutic effects of an Ayurvedic Herbal
during the period from April 1999 to NovemberCombination in the management of HIV /AIDS.
2004.Each patient had tested positive for HIV/AIDSIn this study, 4 patients died within the first 2
on at least 2 different occasions. No patient wasmonths of commencing treatment. Onset of
taking anti-retroviral drugs at the time of commencingtherapeutic effect is slow with Ayurvedic medicines,
Ayurvedic treatment. All patients were started onand these patients probably could not benefit from
treatment after written, informed consent.Ayurvedic treatment. This emphasizes the need to
The Ayurvedic Herbal Combination ( AHC ) comprisesstart treatment as early as possible in
of eleven different herbs in different dosageimmuno-compromised patients. The causes of death
strengths, based upon their respective potencies,indicate that Tuberculosis and CNS involvement are
reported anti-viral and immunomodulatory properties,major killers in HIV patients. Multi-drug resistance to
and their traditional usage according to AyurvedicTuberculosis is also a major concern.
principles of medicine 2 -4 .The constituents of AHC16 patients ( 29% ) did not come back after just
with their respective dosages are asone ( 11% ) or two ( 18% ) visits. The reasons cited
follows:-Terminalia arjuna: 250 mg. ;Zinziber officinale:were, a complete inability to pay for treatment, or a
250 mg. ;Phyllanthus niruri :1 gm ;Glycyrrhizasearch for a ‘better’ or a ‘guarenteed
glabra:1gm. ;Withania somnifera:1gm. ;Eclipta alba:cure’. Fortunately, perceptions have changed
250mg. ;Centella asiatica: 250mg. ;Boerhavia diffusa:in the last few years. Even illiterate patients from the
250mg. ;Emblica officinalis: 250mg. ;Tinospora cordifolia:lower socio-economic strata are no longer asking for
250mg. ;Rubia cordifolia: 250mg. This AHC wasa ‘guarantee’ or a ‘cure’.
dispensed in a combined dose of 5 gms. t.i.d., to be‘Long-term management with minimum
taken with water after meals. Aqueous herbalexpenses’ is a mantra being readily accepted
extracts of all the medicines were used, in tabletby the HIV positive patient of today.
form.All the patients who took medicines regularly, had a
All patients were advised to eat a well-balanced,high-protein diet and kept themselves busy, improved
nutritious diet. Therapeutic counseling sessions werevery well and put on weight. Even 2 to 3 years after
conducted regularly to help the patients achieve mindstopping Ayurvedic treatment, most of the patients
relaxation, to modify their risk behavior , and toare doing very well, some inspite of very low CD4
increase adherence and compliance to therapy.counts. This is probably one of the biggest long-term
All patients were followed up at monthly intervals.advantages of taking Ayurvedic medicines for HIV
Detailed clinical examination was done at each visitAIDS. However, patients with socio-economic
and significant findings were recorded. In addition, indifficulties and a lot of psychological pressure who
affording and willing patients, investigations like CBC,could not have access to regular treatment, started
Hb, Liver and Renal functions, X-Ray of chest,losing weight after initially improving with treatment. A
Western Blot, CD4 count and Viral Load were donecomprehensive management of each patient thus
wherever possible. Other investigations were done, ifneeds to address several issues relevant to each
required, for Opportunistic Infections (O.I.).All O.I.individual patient.
were promptly and aggressively treated with modernThis study also brought forth some interesting
medicines. A close watch was kept for adverseresults. One patient who subsequently died, had
reactions of the drugs.severe demyelinating disease of the brain (as
Therapeutic outcome was assessed by overall clinicaldiagnosed in a major hospital), and had lost most of
examination, change in Karnofsky score (assessmenthis motor control and sensory senses, since several
for overall well-being of patients), change in weight,months. After being given Ayurvedic treatment for
occurrence and response to O.I., and change in CD4about 1 ½ months he became alert, and could
and Viral Load values. Maximum number of patientsspeak clearly, albeit temporarily, for 1 week. Another
was in the age ranging from 20 - 39 years (80 %).patient with Nephrotic syndrome resulting in
Of the total number of 55 patients, 39 were male (71long-standing generalized oedema (2 years ) had
% ) and 16 were female (29 %), with the male:complete regression of the oedema after 2 months
female ratio being 2.4: 1. There were 7 couples whoof Ayurvedic treatment without any other treatment.
took treatment together.One HIV positive patient with suspected malignancy
Of the 55 patients, 5 patients died, 42 patients tookof lung in the right upper lobe was steadily losing
treatment for varying periods and then stoppedweight. After starting Ayurvedic treatment, he
treatment, while 8 patients continued treatment tillstarted putting on weight. Another patient with
the end of the study period. The 5 patients who diedhistory suggestive of HIV Encephalopathy was
were critically ill at the time of presentation, and diedsemi-conscious at presentation. He was passively fed
mostly within the first two months of startingon liquid diet and a combination of both modern drugs
Ayurvedic treatment. The cause of death varied ; 1and Ayurvedic treatment. This patient be!came
patient died from cirrhosis of the liver, 3 died ofambulatory within 2 weeks, and after 2 months of
extensive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (multi-drugtreatment he was faring well, even with a CD4 count
resistant) and 1 died of a combination of Pulmonaryof just 6.The above 4 instances indicate that the
Tuberculosis and demyelination disease of the brain.Ayurvedic medicines may have multi-faceted
In the 50 patients who were alive till the time of theirproperties and need further evaluation.
last follow-up , there was an average weight-gain ofThus,the retrospective study of 55 HIV positive adult
2.3 kgs.(range = - 4 to + 7.5 kgs), usually within thepatients treated with an Ayurvedic Herbal
first 3 months. In those patients who tookcombination from April 1999 to November 2004
continuous treatment for more than 3 months, theproved the Ayurvedic medicines to be highly
Karnofsky score increased from an average of 75.9effective as anti-viral and immuno-stimulant,and safe
at the commencement of treatment to 87.4 at theon long-term use. A nutritious diet, Ayurvedic baseline
last follow-up. Almost all the patients had 1-3 O.I. attherapy, timely allopathic treatment of Opportunistic
the time of presentation. Other than Tuberculosis, allInfections and regular counseling support appears to
the O.I. cleared up rapidly within the first 2 months ofbe an ideal combination in the management of HIV/
treatment.AIDS patients.
Long-term administration of Ayurvedic medicinesReferences
(upto 30 months) did not seem to have any major1. UNAIDS. Global Summary of the AIDS Epidemic.
adverse effects. In fact, in a few patients, the testsUpdate
for liver and renal function appeared to normalizeDecember 2007.
further, with treatment. Haemoglobin readings2. Foundation for Integrative AIDS Research.
gradually improved in those patients taking regular,Potential Anti-
prolonged treatment.The most striking effect of theHIV Herbs. 15/9/2002.
Ayurvedic medicines was on the Viral Load and CD43. Sharma P.V. Vegetable Drugs. Vol. II. IV Edition.
counts. Because of financial constraints, only 15Chaukhamba Publications.1978.
patients (27 % ) agreed to do either the Viral Load4. Dahanukar S A, Kulkarni R A, Rege N N.
or the CD4 count, or both. In most patients, therePharmacology of
was a definite and steady decrease in the Viral Load,Medicinal Plants and Natural Products. Indian Journal of
and an increase in the CD4 cell counts.Pharmacology, 2000; 32: S81 - S118.