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Glossary
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The following table is a reference for different
names of drugs, dosing, total pill count and brief details of food restrictions.
Alternative doses are required for some combinations. Some drugs (ritonavir,
nevirapine) start at lower doses for the first 1 or 2 weeks. An asterisk * is
for a drug which may be available on an expanded access programme and/or which
is expected to be licensed shortly. (HIV i-Base)
|
Name |
Brand & other names |
Total daily pills |
Food restrictions |
|
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE
INHIBITORS (RTIs) |
|
d4T |
Zerit, stavudine |
2 |
none |
|
AZT |
Retrovir, zidovudine |
2 |
none |
|
ddI 100mg |
Videx, didanosine |
4 |
do not eat for 2 hours before and I hour after (2 hours after for EC) |
|
ddI 200mg |
‘Reduced mass’ ddI formula |
2 |
|
ddI/EC |
‘Enteric coated’ formula |
1 |
|
3TC (150mg) |
Epivir, lamivudine |
2 |
none |
|
3TC (300mg) |
Epivir, lamivudine |
1 |
none |
|
abacavir |
Ziagen, 1592 |
2 |
none |
|
Combivir |
(AZT/3TC together) |
2 |
none |
|
Trizivir |
(AZT/3TC/abacavir together) |
2 |
none |
|
tenofovir |
Viread |
1 |
take with food |
|
FTC * |
emtracitabine |
1 |
none |
|
NON-NUCLEOSIDE
REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS (NNRTIs) |
|
efavirenz |
Sustiva |
1 |
not with high-fat meal |
|
nevirapine |
Viramune |
2 |
none |
|
delavirdine * |
Rescriptor |
12 |
none |
|
DUAL & BOOSTED PROTEASE
COMBINATIONS
[the most used doses -
individual monitoring (TDM) of drug levels is recommended] |
|
lopinavir/r |
Kaletra, ABT-378/r |
6 |
take with food |
|
indinavir/ritonavir |
400mg/400mg |
10 |
none |
|
800mg/200mg |
8 |
none |
|
800mg/100mg |
6 |
none |
|
saquinavir/ritonavir |
400mg/400mg |
12 |
food reduces side effects |
|
saquinavir/ritonavir |
1000mg/100mg |
12 |
food reduces side effects |
|
[Invirase, hard gel formulation of saquinavir can be used instead of
Fortovase soft gel capsule when using ritonavir. Invirase is a smaller
pill with less side effects] |
|
fosamprenavir/ritonavir |
700mg/100mg |
none |
|
atazanavir*/ritonavir |
300mg/100mg |
3 |
none |
|
SINGLE PROTEASE
INHIBITORS (PIs)
[Some PIs are used without
ritonavir boosting. This is not generally recommended.] |
|
indinavir |
Crixivan |
6 |
2 hours after food and 1 hour before |
|
nelfinavir |
Viracept (film coated) |
10 |
take with meal |
|
atazanavir |
Reyataz |
2 |
take with food |
|
ENTRY INHIBITORS
(Fusion inhibitors) |
|
enfuvirtide |
T-20, Fuzeon |
none |
|
OTHER DRUGS USED IN HIV TREATMENT |
|
Interleukin-2 (IL-2) |
Experimental immune treatment used with combination therapy to boost
CD4 counts. IL-2 is given by injection for five days every 2 months and
heavy flu-like side effects are expected during each five-day course. |
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