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Glossary

Hivid® (Roche)

Approved for use in HIV infection in combination with other antiviral drugs.

DESCRIPTION: ddC is a nucleoside analogue or reverse transcriptase inhibitor.

DOSE: Adults / adolescents: 0.75 mg three times a day, 1.25 mg twice a day.

Paediatrics: 0.01 mg/kg every 8 hours, range: 0.005 to 0.01 mg/kg every 8 hours. Syrup available.

Neonatal: Unknown.

SIDE EFFECTS: Discontinue treatment with ddC if hepatic steatosis, progressive hepatomegaly, unexplained lactic acidosis or deteriorating liver function tests (LFT) develop.

Peripheral neuropathy is a serious potential toxicity that may result in permanent nerve damage if ddC is continued after the onset of neuropathy.

Infrequent adverse events include oral ulcers, oesophageal ulcers, cardiomyopathy and pancreatitis.

RESISTANCE: There is considerable cross resistance amongst the nucleoside analogues. If a resistance develops to ddI there is unlikely to be a benefit from ddC.

INTERACTIONS: Use with NARTI other than AZT is not recommended. Drugs that cause peripheral neuropathy should be used with caution or avoided.

Trimethoprim, cimetidine and probenecid possibly increase plasma concentrations of ddC.

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